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C-C motif chemokine 2; HC11; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; monocyte chemotactic & activating factor; MCAF; monocyte chemotactic protein 1; MCP-1; monocyte secretory protein JE; small-inducible cytokine A2 (CCL2, MCP1, SCYA2)

Function: - chemotactic factor - chemotactic for monocytes & basophils - not chemotactic for neutrophils or eosinophils - augments monocyte anti-tumor activity - chemotactic for astrocytes in vitro [5] - processing at the N-terminus can regulate receptor & target cell selectivity - deletion of the N-terminal residue converts it from an activator of basophils to an eosinophil chemoattractant - binds to CCR2 & CCR4 - tethered on endothelial cells by glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains of proteoglycans Structure: - monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium - belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family Compartment: secreted Polymorphism: - genetic variations in CCL2 determine Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility [MIM:607948] Pathology: - implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, including a) psoriasis b) rheumatoid arthritis c) atherosclerosis - may be involved in recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during atherosclerosis

Related

JE primary response gene

General

CC chemokine; beta chemokine glycoprotein

Properties

SIZE: entity length = 99 aa MW = 11 kD COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment MOTIF: signal sequence {1-23} proline residue {31} cysteine residue {C34} MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C59} cysteine residue {C35} MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C75} tyrosine residue {36} N-glycosylation site {N37} arginine residue {41} lysine residue {42} arginine residue {47} lysine residue {58} cysteine residue {C59} MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C34} lysine residue {61} lysine residue {72} cysteine residue {C75} MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C35} lysine residue {81} histidine residue {89} SECRETED-BY: monocyte fibroblast endothelial cell

References

  1. UniProt :accession P13500
  2. Herschman HR Extracellular signals, transcriptional responses and cellular specificity TIBS 14:455 1989 PMID: 2696174
  3. Henderson B & Blake S Therapeutic potential of cytokine manipulation TIPS 13:145 1992 PMID: 1589908
  4. Ross R The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis Nature 362:801 1993 PMID: 8479518
  5. Wyss-Coray T et al, Adult mouse astrocytes degrade amyloid beta in vitro and in situ. Nature Med March 2003, 9:453 PMID: 12612547
  6. Wikipedia; Note: CCL2 entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL2
  7. SeattleSNPs http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/scya2/

Databases & Figures

OMIM correlations MORBIDMAP 158105 UniProt P13500 Pfam PF00048 Entrez Gene 6347 Kegg hsa:6347 CC ligand and receptor binding