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CARDIA study
Design:
- prospective study of 3000 young adults age 18-30
- 1/2 white, 1/2 black
- subjects from 4 US cities
body weight, insulin resistance & frequency of fast-food restaurant visits were assessed 6 times during 15 years
At baseline, frequency of fast food restaurant visits not associated with body weight or insulin resistance.
Results:
1) frequency of fast food restaurant visits greater among blacks that whites & greater among men than women
2) frequency of fast food restaurant visits associated with weight gain by year 15
3) an increase in fast food restaurant visits during the 15 year study associated with insulin resistance in both blacks & whites
4) subjects with > 2 fast food restaurant visits/week at baseline at follow-up had greater weight gain & insulin resistance than those with < 1 fast food restaurant visit/week
5) active & passive smoking increase risk of glucose intolerance & diabetes mellitus type-2 [2]
General
clinical trial
References
- Journal Watch 25(4):35, 2005
Pereira MA, Kartashov AI, Ebbeling CB, Van Horn L, Slattery ML,
Jacobs DR Jr, Ludwig DS.
Fast-food habits, weight gain, and insulin resistance (the
CARDIA study): 15-year prospective analysis.
Lancet. 2005 Jan 1;365(9453):36-42.
PMID: 15639678
- Houston TK et al
Active and passive smoking and development of glucose
intolerance among young adults in a prospective cohort:
CARDIA study
BMJ 2006; 332:1064
PMID: 16603565