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Campylobacter jejuni
Epidpemiology:
- most common bacterial cause of infectious diarrhea due to undercooked poultry [2]
Pathology:
- cytolethal distending toxin B from Campylobacter jejuni may play a role
- cytolethal distending toxin B antibody may cross-react with host epithelial vinculin
Clinical manifestations:
- infectious diarrhea, watery or bloody
- symptoms delayed 2-5 days from time of exposure
- fever, abdominal cramping [2]
Laboratory:
- Campylobacter jejuni serology
- Campylobacter jejuni+coli antigen in stool
- Campylobacter jejuni DNA
- Campylobacter coli+jejuni tuf gene
- Campylobacter coli+jejuni+lari fusA gene
- Campylobacter coli+jejuni+upsaliensis DNA
- Campylobacter jejuni rRNA
- Campylobacter coli+jejuni+lari 16S rRNA
Differential diagnosis:
- Shigella: bloody diarrhea with mucus, incubation time 3 days
- Salmonella enteriditis: bloody diarrhea with mucus, incubation time 8-72 hours
- Bacillus cereus: due to preformed toxin; diarrhea within hours of ingestion
- Yersinina enterocolitica: unusul cause of diarrhea, right lower quadrant cramping
- Staphylococcus: due to preformed toxin; vomiting & diarrhea withi 24 houra
Management:
- most patients recover within 1 week without treatment
- antibiotics should be considered for severely ill patients, immunosuppressed patients, pregnant, elderly
- macrolides - azithromycin (emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance) [2]
- see Campylobacter
General
Campylobacter
Properties
KINGDOM: monera
DIVISION: SCHIZOMYCETES
References
- Pimentel M et al.
Development and validation of a biomarker for diarrhea-
predominant irritable bowel syndrome in human subjects.
PLoS ONE 2015 May 13; 10:e0126438
PMID: 25970536
- NEJM Knowledge+ Gastroenterology
- Skarp CPA, Hanninen ML, Rautelin HIK.
Campylobacteriosis: the role of poultry meat.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016 Feb;22(2):103-109.
PMID: 26686808 Free article. Review.