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blueberry

Components: - ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, & other flavonoids - pterostilbene Pharmacokinetics: - ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, & other flavonoids in berrys are poorly absorbed & highly metabolized - parent compounds, metabolites & conjugates detectable in human tissue Clinical manifestationw: - discoloration of teeth & tongue - blueberry consumption can improve endothelial function in healthy persons & at-risk populations [6] - flavonoids including anthocyanins in blueberries may mitigate macular degeneration [6] Clinical trials: - 12% improvement in memory over 2 year period in subjects age 50-84 consuming 1 cup of frozen blueberries/day; No study controls [2] - lowers serum triglycerides (40%) & LDL cholesterol (20%) [3]

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berry

References

  1. Seeram NP Dietary polyphenols from berry fruits: metabolism and health Aging: Mechanisms and Prevention 34th Annual Meeting of the American Aging Association June 3-6, 2005, Oakland CA
  2. Raphaelson HA, Martin RJ et al Memory-score improvement observed during two-year blueberry study. Aging: Mechanisms and Prevention 34th Annual Meeting of the American Aging Association June 3-6, 2005, Oakland CA BlueberryStudy.com/measurements
  3. Rimando A, USDA Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Aging Association: Integrative Biology: Hormones, Signaling, and Aging. May 29-June 1, 2009, Scottsdale, AZ
  4. McNamara D Blue' in Blueberries Tied to BP Lowering that Rivals Medication. Medscape - Mar 01, 2019. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/909717 - Rodriguez-Mateos A et al Circulating anthocyanin metabolites mediate vascular benefits of blueberries: insights from randomized controlled trials, metabolomics, and nutrigenomics. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 Jun 18;74(7):967-976 PMID: 30772905 https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/gerona/glz047/5321875
  5. Bosch-Morell F, Villagrasa V, Ortega T et al Medicinal plants and natural products as neuroprotective agents in age-related macular degeneration. Neural Regen Res. 2020 Dec;15(12):2207-2216. PMID: 32594032 PMCID: PMC7749482 Free PMC article. Review.
  6. Woolf EK, Lee SY, Ghanem N, Vazquez AR, Johnson SA. Protective effects of blueberries on vascular function: A narrative review of preclinical and clinical evidence. Nutr Res. 2023 Dec;120:20-57. PMID: 37913730 Review.
  7. Martini D, Marino M, Venturi S et al Blueberries and their bioactives in the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and cardio/vascular function markers: a systematic review of human intervention studies. J Nutr Biochem. 2023 Jan;111:109154. PMID: 36150681
  8. Wood E, Hein S, Mesnage R et al Wild blueberry (poly)phenols can improve vascular function and cognitive performance in healthy older individuals: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Jun;117(6):1306-1319. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.017. PMID: 36972800 PMCID: PMC10315404 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10315404/
  9. Kalt W, Cassidy A, Howard LR et al Recent Research on the Health Benefits of Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins. Adv Nutr. 2020 Mar 1;11(2):224-236. PMID: 31329250 PMCID: PMC7442370 Free PMC article. Review. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7442370/