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Benedikt syndrome; paramedian midbrain syndrome
Etiology:
- ischemic stoke
- hemorrhagic stroke
- brain tumor
- tuberculosis
Epidemiology:
- rare
Pathology:
- stroke in the posterior circulation affecting tegmentum of midbrain & cerebellum
- occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery or paramedian penetrating branches of the basilar artery
- affected midbrain structures include:
- oculomotor nucleus
- red nucleus
- corticospinal tracts
- brachium conjunctivum
- superior cerebellar peduncle
Clinical manifestations:
- cranial nerve 3 palsy
- hemi-ataxia
- tremors
Management:
- deep brain stimulation may be of some benefit
General
disease/disorder primarily affecting brain
syndrome
References
- Wikipedia: Benedikt syndrome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedikt_syndrome