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athetoid cerebral palsy (dyskinetic cerebral palsy)
Pathology:
- injury & malformations to the extrapyramidal tracts in the basal ganglia or the cerebellum during development due to
a) kernicterus (bilirubin encephalopathy)
b) hypoxic-ischemic brain injury
Clinical manifestations:
- hypertonia
- hypotonia
- generally occurs within 18 months of birth
- dysarthria is common
- up to 50% of patients will achieve some degree of ambulation
Radiology:
- neuroimaging (MRI)
Management:
- speech therapy, occupation therapy, physical therapy
- intrathecal baclofen for spasticity
- tetrabenazine for chorea
- deep brain stimulation
- no cures
General
cerebral palsy
basal ganglia disease
References
- Wikipedia: Athetoid cerebral palsy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athetoid_cerebral_palsy