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activating transcription factor-2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2; cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1; HB16 (ATF2, CREB2, CREBP1)
Function:
- transcriptional activator, probably constitutive
- binds to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral & cellular promoters
- interaction with JUN redirects JUN to bind to CRES preferentially over the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response elements (TRES) as part of an ATF2-c-Jun complex
- binds DNA as a dimer & can form a homodimer in the absence of DNA
- forms heterodimer with jun or fos proteins
- interacts with SMAD3 & SMAD4
- binds through its N-terminal region to UTF1 which acts as a coactivator of ATF2 transcriptional activity phosphorylation of Thr-51 & Thr-53 by MAPK14 causes increased transcriptional activity
- also phosphorylated & activated by JNK
Structure:
- belongs to the bZIP family, ATF subfamily
- contains 1 bZIP domain
- contains 1 C2H2-type Zn+2 finger
Compartment: nucleus
Alternative splicing: named isoforms=2
Expression: abundant expression seen in the brain
Interactions
molecular events
General
activating transcription factor
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 487 aa
MW = 52 kD
COMPARTMENT: cell nucleus
MOTIF: Zn finger C2H2-type
SITE: 7-31
EFFECTOR-BOUND: Zn+2
Thr phosphorylation site {T51}
Thr phosphorylation site {T53}
Ser phosphorylation site {S94}
Ser phosphorylation site {S310}
DNA-binding motif
SITE: 333-356
leucine zipper
SITE: 362-390
FOR-BINDING-VIA: leucine zipper
Database Correlations
OMIM 123811
UniProt P15336
PFAM correlations
Entrez Gene 1386
Kegg hsa:1386
References
- Hoeffler JP, Lustbader JW, Chen CY.
Identification of multiple nuclear factors that interact with
cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element-binding
protein and activating transcription factor-2 by protein-
protein interactions.
Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Feb;5(2):256-66.
PMID: 1828107
- Entrez Gene :accession 1386
- Atlas of genetics & cytogenetics in oncology & haematology
http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/genes/ATF2ID718ch2q31.html
- UniProt :accession P15336