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anterior cerebral artery syndrome

Etiology: - occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) Pathology: - may affect medial aspects of frontal lobe & parietal lobe, basal ganglia, anterior fornix & anterior corpus callosum - blockages to the proximal (A1) segment of the ACA produce only minor deficits due to the collateral blood flow from the opposite hemisphere via the anterior communicating artery; occlusions distal to this segment will result in more severe effects Clinical manifestations: - hemiparesis or hemiplegia contralaterally, involving primarily the lower limbs and pelvic floor musculature - sensory deficits contralaterally, involving primarily the leg & perineum - apraxia (due to branches to the supplementary motor area & corpus callosum) - disconnection syndrome (due to callosal branches) - anosmia (due to branches of the olfactory bulb & olfactory tract) - urinary incontinence - grasp reflex & or sucking reflex contralaterally (if circle of Willis compromised) Laboratory: - see ischemic stroke Radiology: - see ischemic stroke Management: - see ischemic stroke

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anterior cerebral artery

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ischemic stroke syndrome

References

  1. Wikipedia: Anterior cerebral artery syndrome http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_cerebral_artery_syndrome
  2. Moncayo-Gaete J et al Anterior cerebral artery stroke syndromes http://www.medlink.com/medlinkcontent.asp
  3. Critchley M Syndromes of the Anterior Cerebral Artery Proc R Soc Med. 1930 March; 23(5): 630-632. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2181836/