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ADP-ribosylation factor [ARF] subfamily protein
Function:
- necessary for efficient ADP-ribosylation of Gs-alpha by cholera toxin
- role in membrane vesicle fusion & transport
- role in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to GOLGI transport, intra-GOLGI transport, nuclear vesicle fusion, endosome fusion & receptor-mediated endocytosis Strucure:
- all currently known ARF subfamily proteins have a Gly at position 2, are N-myristoylated, & lack a Cys near the C-terminus (thus no CaaX motif)
- the ARF subfamily consists of 15 structurally-related gene products that include: [5]
a) 6 ARF proteins
b) 11 ARF-like proteins
Specific
ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1)
ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3)
ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4, ARF2)
ADP-ribosylation factor 5 (ARF5)
ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6)
ADP-ribosylation factor 7 (ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 14, ARL14, ARF7)
ADP-ribosylation factor-2 (arf2)
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein (ARL)
General
myristoylated protein
ras superfamily protein
Properties
SIZE: MW = 20-29 kD
COMPARTMENT: cellular membrane
MOTIF: myristoylation site
SITE: N-TERMINUS
EFFECTOR-BOUND: myristate
active site
P-loop
FOR-BINDING-OF: guanosine triphosphate
guanosine diphosphate
P-loop
FOR-BINDING-OF: adenosine triphosphate
References
- Kahn RA, Der CJ, Bokoch GM.
The ras superfamily of GTP-binding proteins: guidelines on
nomenclature.
FASEB J. 1992 May;6(8):2512-3.
PMID: 1592203
- Boguski MS & McCormick F
Proteins regulating Ras and its relative.
Nature 366:643 1993
PMID: 8259209
- Bourne HR et al,
The GTPase superfamily: a conserved switch for diverse cell
functions
Nature 348:125 1990
PMID: 2122258
- Orcl L, Palmer DJ, Amherdt M, Rothman JE.
Coated vesicle assembly in the Golgi requires only coatomer
and ARF proteins from the cytosol.
Nature. 1993 Aug 19;364(6439):732-4.
PMID: 8355790
- D'Souza-Schorey C, Li G, Colombo MI, Stahl PD.
A regulatory role for ARF6 in receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Science. 1995 Feb 24;267(5201):1175-8.
PMID: 7855600