Search
cholesterol acyltransferase (sterol-O-acyltransferase, acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 1, acyl-cholesterol acyltransferase, SOAT1 ACACT ACACT1 ACAT ACAT1 SOAT STAT)
Function:
1) membrane-bound acyltransferase
2) catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters
3) removes excess cholesterol from cellular membranes by esterfying the cholesterol to form cholesterol esters which may be stored within granules or vesicles inside the cell
4) lipoprotein assembly
5) dietary cholesterol absorption
6) may act as a ligase
7) highly activated by the presence of cholesterol
Structure:
- may form homo- or heterodimers
- belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family sterol o-acyltransferase subfamily
Compartment: integral membrane protein, endoplasmic reticulum
Pathology:
- insoluble cholesterol esters accumulate in macrophages & smooth muscle early in atherosclerotic plaque
- Inhibition of ACAT activity diminishes release of the A4 beta peptide in experimental models
Specific
acyl cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1, diglyceride acyltransferase, ACAT related gene product 1)
lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT, phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase, phospholipid-cholesterol acyltransferase)
sterol O-acyltransferase 2; acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2; ACAT-2; cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (SOAT2, ACACT2, ACAT2)
General
acyltransferase
Properties
SIZE: MW = 65 kD
entity length = 550 aa
COMPARTMENT: cellular membrane
MOTIF: transmembrane domain {141-159}
transmembrane domain {320-341}
transmembrane domain {361-382}
histidine residue {H460}
transmembrane domain {470-490}
transmembrane domain {498-518}
Database Correlations
OMIM 102642
UniProt P35610
Pfam PF03062
Kegg hsa:6646
ENZYME 2.3.1.26
References
- UniProt :accession P35610
- Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd ed. Burtis CA
& Ashwood ER (eds), WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia PA, 1993,
pg 1005
- Marx J. Science 294:508-509, 2001