Search
acetylcholine (Miochol, Pragmoline)
Neurochemistry: Neurotransmitter at muscarinic & nicotinic synapses. Choline uptake is rate-limiting in acetylcholine synthesis. Acetylcholine is always the neurotransmitter in the 1st synapse leaving the central nervous system.
Pharmacology: Ophthalmic agent:
Indications:
- miosis & contraction of the ciliary muscle, especially for cataract surgery, keratoplasty, iridectomy & other anterior chamber eye surgery where rapid miosis is required
Contraindications:
1) acute iritis
2) acute inflammatory processes
Dosage:
- 0.5-2 mL of 1% solution injected into the anterior chamber
Powder kit for preparation of 1:100 & 2.8% mannitol (10 mg/mL) intraophthalmic solution. 20 mg (2 mL).
Pharmacokinetics: duration of action is about 10 minutes
Adverse effects:
- uncommon (< 1%)
- bradycardia, alteration of vision, lenticular opacity breathing difficulty, hypotension, drowsiness, flushing, sweating
Interactions
molecular events
drug interactions
Related
acetylcholine analog
cholinergic receptor
CNS cholinergic system
General
choline
ester
miotic agent
neurotransmitter
parasympathomimetic (cholinergic agent)
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs,
Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al
eds, 1998
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998
- UniProt :accession Q9GZV3