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Abbokinase (urokinase)
Pharmacology: Tradename: Abbokinase.
Indications:
1) IV catheter occlusions caused by blood clots
2) recent severe or massive deep vein thrombosis
3) pulmonary emboli
4) myocardial infarction
Contraindications: Caution:
- use with caution in any patient with a condition in which slight bleeding may cause a substantial hazard
Pregnancy category: B
Safety in lactation: ?
Dosage:
1) 5000 IU reconstituted solution
2) slowly inject an amount equal to the catheter volume
3) aspirate every 5 minutes PRN
4) if unsuccessful, allow urokinase to remain in the line 30-60 minutes before aspirating
5) 5000 IU solution may be repeated once
Powder for injection: 250,000 units (5 mL vial)
Pharmacokinetics:
1) cleared by the liver & kidney
2) elimination 1/2life is 10-20 minutes
Adverse effects:
1) common (> 10%)
- bronchospasm, periorbital swelling, angioneurotic edema, anaphylaxis, bleeding at sites of percutaneous trauma, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension
2) uncommon (< 1%)
- epistaxis, anemia, eye hemorrhage, rash, headache, nausea/vomiting, chills, sweating
3) other
- minimal when used to open catheters
- allergic reactions
Mechanism of action:
- proteolytic enzyme produced naturally by the renal parenchymal cells that promotes thrombolysis by converting plasminogen to plasmin
Related
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor; uPAR; U-PAR; monocyte activation antigen Mo3; CD87 (PLAUR, MO3, UPAR)
General
urokinase; urokinase-type plasminogen activator; U-plasminogen activator; uPA (PLAU)
fibrinolytic agent (thrombolytic agent)
enzymatic agent
References
- Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods,
18th ed, J.B. Henry (ed), W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia,
PA, 1991 pg 739
- Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs,
Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al
eds, 1998
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998